Assessment of Detergent, Fungicide, Antibiotics and other Factors on in vitro Regeneration and Development of Protocol for Conservation and Commercial Scale Multiplication of Banana (Musa spp.) Cultivars

Abstract:

In the present study an effort was made to establish an efficient multiplication protocol after experimenting very important factors affecting the efficiency of establishment of clean cultures. The MS medium containing PGR/s as per requirement was used for culture and sub culture. There was significant effect of various parameters tested on establishment of clean cultures in these varieties and most of these parameters resulted in highest clean cultures in Cv. Kamalapur Red and lowest clean cultures in Cv. Yelakki banana. Further, significant results were found in in vitro root induction in different sized plantlets and the highest and lowest average number of roots was recorded in ‘A’ grade plantlets of Grand naine (7.12) and Yelakki (2.18), respectively. There was 100 percent root induction. However, as the number of roots increased, the average root length decreased and vice versa was noticed in all the cultivars. Later, a protocol starting from explant sterilization to primary hardening was designed and evaluated for its efficiency.  It showed 85.23%, 39.89% and 88.45% clean cultures and 2.5, 1.9 and 2.7 multiplication ratios in Cv. Grand Naine, Yelakki banana and Kamalapur Red, respectively. The hardened plantlets of all cultivars were subjected to molecular analysis using RAPD markers and the genetic fidelity was stable.  The methodology of micro-propagation would be highly useful in commercial production of large scale quality planting material in Cv. Grand Naine (Commercial cultivar), Cv. Yelakki (AB, Neypoovan group, recalcitrant to multiply in vitro) and in vitro conservation of endangered Cv. Kamalapur Red.