Technological Needs of Dairy Farmers in Dairy Farming in North Kashmir

Technological Needs of Dairy Farmers in Dairy Farming in North Kashmir

S S Kubrevi , M A Dar , Quadri Javeed Ahmad Peer^* , S H Bhat, Farhana , Irfath Rashid

Division of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST- K Wadura, India

Corresponding Author Email: qadrijavid2008@gmail.com

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.53709/CHE.2021.v02i04.029

Abstract

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INTRODUCTION

India is the second-largest country in the world in terms of population having 1.21 billion human population [1], out of which, 68.84 per cent comes under the rural ambit [2]. Agriculture is the mainstay for rural people to earn their livelihood, and animal husbandry is a subsidiary occupation. In Jammu and Kashmir, livestock is coming out as an important sector and plays an important role in the state’s socio-economic development. Productivity of milk is very less in hilly areas, but sufficient milk is produced in the rest areas of UT. The dairy field gives protection against a marketable surplus and enhances crop production by boosting organic manure and cash income on a daily basis [4].  In mountain areas, the efficiency of milk is meager but a large amount of milk is produced in the rest areas of UT. Lack of technological know- how, dairy literature, and sources of information are among the reasons for low milk production for the farmers of UT.38% to the UT GDP comes from agriculture and allied sectors from which the dairy sector contributes 11%. Agriculture and livestock rearing is the major business of the rural people and thus, is the primary source of employment and income.

            In 2018-19 the total number of dairy animals were eighty-two lakh and milk production is 2541 TMT (20^th livestock census in 2019) in UT [9]. “For improving milk production and productivity in UT, there is need of various inter­ventions including training programmes, genetic up-gradation of Cattle, Cattle Induction, Fodder Development, Milk Procurement and Processing and Health Cover and Risk Management. Dairy farmers carry out abundant efforts in concern to livestock farming areas where they need training are not considered while designing a training programme hence areas where they need training are not considered while designing a training programme. Therefore the studies on approaching the training needs of dairy farmers occupied in dairy farming are of paramount importance to the extension agencies involved in rural development. Keeping in view the significant contributions made by Dairy farmers to the dairy sector, the present study was undertaken with the objectives to study the awareness of dairy farmers about the technologies related to dairying and to find out the technological needs of dairy farmers in dairying.

METHODOLOGY

            The study was carried out in North Kashmir of UT of Jammu and Kashmir. From North Kashmir; three districts namely Kupwara, Bandipora and Baramulla, were taken for the study purpose from each districts three villages have been randomly selected for study purpose and from the selected villages, a total of twenty dairy farmers have been chosen for the research purpose, , making a total sample of 180 dairy farmers . For collecting the information, well-structured interview schedule was prepared to know the consciousness regarding dairy technologies and compared with recommended technologies. If the practice of the respondents was a companion or at least close to the recommended approach, it was considered as ‘awareness’ otherwise as ‘no consciousness’. Collected data were analyzed, applying the percentages for assessing the technological needs of the respondents in dairy ranks were given to each component as per their importance.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

            The below Table-1 depicts that 33% of the respondents were rearing Jerseyand Holstein breeds. The recommended weighted diet was given to the dairy by 44.4% of the respondents. Recommended requirement of young stock, heifer, Milch animal weight was followed by 38.3 %, 28.3% and 18.3% respondents respectively.  87% of respondents were managing newly born calf’s as per the recommendation. None of the respondents followed recommended cleanliness of cattle-sheds. Deworming, dehorning and sanitation and health practices were as per the recommendation by 16%, 8.2%, and 83.3% of respondents. These results are in confirmation with the results of [9-20].

Table 1. The Awareness of the dairy farmers towards the technologies related to the dairy (N=180)

Table 2. Rank order of the technological needs of respondents in dairying (N=180)

Technological needs of dairy farmers in dairying

The above Table-2 reflected that the respondents considered a balanced diet, health care and sanitation, care of pregnant animals and new-born calf, correct procedure of milking, maintenance of cattle shed, processing of milk and preparations of milk products, rearing of animals and cultivation of fodder crops the most essential fields of technologies in the decreasing rank order. The results are in line with the study of [5-6].

CONCLUSION

The demand for milk is growing at a faster rate compared to the existing milk production in India in general and Jammu and Kashmir in particular. This is mainly because of the presence of traditional practices in the sector and poor access to finance. The study discloses that urgent fields of technologies the dairy farmers need to understand are a balanced diet, health care and sanitation, care of pregnant animals and new born calf. Departments of Animal Husbandry, departments should give heed to the dairy farmers to be informed about the latest dairy practices through different mass media methods on an extensive scale by which the respondents become knowledgeable. More stress should be given to social participation, management orientation, value orientation and the role of training in dairying and manipulating these variables for more advantage for accelerating the entrepreneurial attitude in dairy farmers.

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